龙介虫科
外观
龙介虫科 化石时期:
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Spirobranchus giganteus is a species of tubeworm belonging to the Serpulidae family. Note the yellowish cartilaginous operculum extending from the branchial stalk. | |
科学分类 | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 环节动物门 Annelida |
纲: | 多毛纲 Polychaeta |
目: | 缨鳃虫目 Sabellida |
科: | 龙介虫科 Serpulidae Johnston, 1865 |
属 | |
龙介虫科(学名: Serpulidae)是多毛纲下的一科管状环节动物。它们与缨鳃虫科不同的是它们拥有像厣的特别辐棘,可以用来保护管口。它们是分泌碳酸钙的管腔。现时已知约有300个物种,除了一种外,其馀都是生活在海水环境[2]。本科物种最早出现于中三叠世[1]。
龙介类和Sabellid的大多数物种的血液含有一种能与氧气结合的色素血绿素(chlorocruorin)。这种血绿素负责为身体组织携带氧气。 这种血绿素与一氧化碳结合的亲和力,是人血内的血红素的570倍[3]。
龙介虫科的管腔很易与蛇螺科或蚯蚓螺科的壳混淆。龙介虫科的管腔内侧沉色及只有两层,而蛇螺科的壳则内侧光泽及有3层。
分类
[编辑]龙介虫科下分3亚科23属98种[4]。根据ITIS在1997年的数据,本科包括下列各属[5]:
- Amplaria Knight-Jones, 1973
- Anomalorbis Vine, 1972
- Apomatus Philippi, 1844
- Bushiella Knight-Jones, 1973
- Capeospira Pillai, 1970
- Chitinopoma Levinsen, 1884
- Circeis Saint-Joseph, 1894
- Crucigera Benedict, 1887
- 右旋虫属(Dexiospira Caullery and Mesnil, 1897)
- Dextralia Knight-Jones, 1973
- Ditrupa Berkeley, 1835
- Eulaeospira Pillai, 1970
- Ficopomatus Sauthern, 1921
- Filograna Berkeley, 1835[6]
- Filogranella Ben-Eliahu and Dafni, 1979
- Filogranula Langerhans, 1884
- Galeolaria Lamarck, J.B. de (1818)
- Hyalopotamus Marenzeller, 1878
- Janua Saint-Joseph, 1894
- Josephella Caullery and Mesnil, 1896
- Leodora Saint-Joseph, 1894
- Metavermilia Bush, 1904
- Neodexiospira Pillai, 1970
- Neovermila Day, 1961
- Nidificaria
- Paradexiospira Caullery and Mesnil, 1897
- Paralaeospira Caullery and Mesnil, 1897
- Pileolaria Claparede, 1870
- Placostegus Philippi, 1844
- Pomatoceros Philippi, 1844
- Pomatoleios Pixell, 1912
- Pomatostegus Schmarda, 1861
- Protolaeospira Pixell, 1912
- Protula Risso, 1826
- Pseudochitinopoma Zibrowius, 1969
- Pseudovermilia Bush, 1907
- Salmacina Claparede, 1870
- Semivermila Imajima, 1978
- 龙介虫属(Serpula Linnaeus, 1767,模式属)
- Simplicaria Knight-Jones, 1973
- 旋鳃虫属(Spirobranchus Blainville, 1818)
- 螺旋虫属(Spirorbis Daudin, 1800)
- Turbocavus Prentiss et al., 2014[7]
- Vermiliopsis Saint-Joseph, 1894
- Vinearia
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Spirorbis sp.
参考文献
[编辑]- 引用
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Vinn, O.; Mutvei, H. Calcareous tubeworms of the Phanerozoic (PDF). Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences. 2009, 58 (4): 286–296 [2012-09-16]. doi:10.3176/earth.2009.4.07. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-08-09).
- ^ Ruppert, Edward E.; Fox, Richard S.; Barnes, Robert D. Invertebrate Zoology: A Functional Evolutionary Approach, 7th edition. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole - Thomson Learning Inc. 2004: 963. ISBN 0-03-025982-7.
- ^ Cowles, David. Serpula vermicularis Linnaeus, 1767. Invertebrates of the Salish Sea. Rosario Beach Marine Laboratory at Walla Walla University. 2006 [2011-10-31]. (原始内容存档于2011-10-02).
- ^ 中国动物志无脊椎动物:缨鳃虫目. 7195.net. (原始内容存档于2016-04-06).
- ^ Serpulidae. ITIS. [2008-06-25].
- ^ Read, G.; Fauchald, K. (编). Filograna Berkeley, 1835. World Polychaeta database. 2014 [2015-02-22]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-24) –通过World Register of Marine Species.
- ^ Prentiss, N.K.; Vasileiadou, K.; Faulwetter, S.; et al. A new genus and species of Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta, Sabellida) from the Caribbean Sea (PDF). Zootaxa. 2014, 3900 (2): 204–222 [2016-03-04]. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3900.2.2. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-07-25).
- 一般
- Abbott, R. Tucker. Seashells of North America. St. Martin's Press. 1986.
- ten Hove, H.A.; van den Hurk, P. A review of recent and fossil serpulid 'reefs'; actuopalaeontology and the 'Upper Malm' serpulid limestones in NW Germany. Geologie en Mijnbouw. 1993, 72 (1): 23–67.
- Ruppert, Edward E.; Fox, Richard S. & Barnes, Robert D. Invertebrate Zoology: A Functional Evolutionary Approach 7th. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole – Thomson Learning Inc. 2004. ISBN 0-03-025982-7.