德谷胰岛素

德谷胰岛素
	一个德谷胰岛素六聚体。A链是黄绿色，B链是棕褐色，中心的锌原子是蓝绿色。取自PDB 4AKJ。
临床资料
商品名（英语：Drug nomenclature）	Tresiba
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a615055
核准状况	美 DailyMed: degludec Insulin degludec;
怀孕分级	澳: B3 ; ;
给药途径	皮下注射
ATC码	A10AE06 (WHO) ;
法律规范状态
法律规范	澳：限医生处方（S4）; 加：处方药（℞-only）; 欧：Rx-only; 美：处方药（℞-only）; 处方药（℞-only）;
药物动力学数据
药效起始时间（英语：Onset of action）	30–90分钟
作用时间	≤ 42小时
识别信息
	IUPAC命名法 B29N(ε)-ω-carboxypentadecanoyl-γ-L-glutamyl desB30 human insulin; ;
CAS号	844439-96-9
PubChem SID	124490467;
ChemSpider	none;
UNII	54Q18076QB;
KEGG	D09727 ;
化学信息
化学式	C274H411N65O81S6
摩尔质量	6,104.04 g·mol−1

德谷胰岛素（Insulin degludec）是一种长效型胰岛素类似物，用于治疗1型和2型糖尿病^[7]。每日皮下注射一次^[7]。药效在 90 分钟内作用，并可持续 42 小时以上^[7]。使用数天后，就会在任何时候产生稳定的效果^[8]。

常见副作用包括低血糖、过敏、注射部位疼痛、瘙痒、皮疹、体重增加和脂肪失养症（英语：Lipodystrophy）^[7]。它发生低血糖风险低于长效型的地特胰岛素注射液和甘精胰岛素^[9]。其他副作用包括可能低钾血症^[7]。怀孕期，最好使用中效胰岛素^[10]。它是由分子克隆制成，再经后续修饰后的胰岛素^[10] ^[7]。

德谷胰岛素分别于 2013 年及2015年在欧洲与美国取得医疗使用许可^[11] ^[7]。名列世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单^[12]。2019 年，它名列美国最常用处方药的第 168 位，处方量超过 300 万张^[13] ^[14]。市面上还有它与利拉鲁肽组合的复方药存在^[7]。

参考文献

^ Prescription medicines: registration of new chemical entities in Australia, 2017. Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 21 June 2022 [9 April 2023]. （原始内容存档于10 April 2023）.
^ 1.11. Insulin deglude Scheduling medicines and poisons. tga.gov.au. [2024-12-01].
^ Prescription medicines and biologicals: TGA annual summary 2017. Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 21 June 2022 [31 March 2024].
^ Diabetic health. Health Canada. 8 May 2018 [13 April 2024].
^ Tresiba- insulin degludec injection, solution. DailyMed. 1 July 2022 [11 February 2024]. （原始内容存档于7 July 2022）.
^ Tresiba EPAR. European Medicines Agency. 17 September 2018 [15 January 2021]. （原始内容存档于22 January 2021）.
^ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 ^7.4 ^7.5 ^7.6 ^7.7 Insulin Degludec Monograph for Professionals. Drugs.com. [26 November 2021]. （原始内容存档于21 October 2020）（英语）.
^ Tresiba Summary of product characteristics (PDF). European Medicines Agency. [2021-01-16]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-03-04）.
^ Ton, Joey. #311 “Ultralong”-acting insulin for diabetes: How long is long enough?. CFPCLearn. 21 March 2022 [14 June 2023]. （原始内容存档于1 February 2023）.
^ ^10.0 ^10.1 BNF 81: March-September 2021. BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. 2021: 757. ISBN 978-0857114105.
^ Tresiba. [26 November 2021]. （原始内容存档于22 January 2021）.
^ World Health Organization. The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023). Geneva: World Health Organization. 2023. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02.
^ The Top 300 of 2020. ClinCalc. [11 April 2020]. （原始内容存档于12 February 2021）.
^ Insulin Degludec - Drug Usage Statistics. ClinCalc. [11 April 2020]. （原始内容存档于12 April 2020）.

[1] Prescription medicines: registration of new chemical entities in Australia, 2017. Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 21 June 2022 [9 April 2023]. （原始内容存档于10 April 2023）.

[2] 1.11. Insulin deglude Scheduling medicines and poisons. tga.gov.au. [2024-12-01].

[3] Prescription medicines and biologicals: TGA annual summary 2017. Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 21 June 2022 [31 March 2024].

[4] Diabetic health. Health Canada. 8 May 2018 [13 April 2024].

[Tresiba_FDA_label-5] Tresiba- insulin degludec injection, solution. DailyMed. 1 July 2022 [11 February 2024]. （原始内容存档于7 July 2022）.

[Tresiba_EPAR-6] Tresiba EPAR. European Medicines Agency. 17 September 2018 [15 January 2021]. （原始内容存档于22 January 2021）.

[AHFS2021-7] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 ^7.4 ^7.5 ^7.6 ^7.7 Insulin Degludec Monograph for Professionals. Drugs.com. [26 November 2021]. （原始内容存档于21 October 2020）（英语）.

[8] Tresiba Summary of product characteristics (PDF). European Medicines Agency. [2021-01-16]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-03-04）.

[CFPC2022-9] Ton, Joey. #311 “Ultralong”-acting insulin for diabetes: How long is long enough?. CFPCLearn. 21 March 2022 [14 June 2023]. （原始内容存档于1 February 2023）.

[BNF81-10] 10.0 ^10.1 BNF 81: March-September 2021. BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. 2021: 757. ISBN 978-0857114105.

[EPAR2021-11] Tresiba. [26 November 2021]. （原始内容存档于22 January 2021）.

[WHO23rd-12] World Health Organization. The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023). Geneva: World Health Organization. 2023. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02.

[13] The Top 300 of 2020. ClinCalc. [11 April 2020]. （原始内容存档于12 February 2021）.

[14] Insulin Degludec - Drug Usage Statistics. ClinCalc. [11 April 2020]. （原始内容存档于12 April 2020）.

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