古布立吞語
| 古布立吞語 | |
|---|---|
| Old Brittonic / Common Brittonic | |
| 區域 | 福斯灣南部的大不列顛島地區 |
| 滅亡 | 公元600年左右拓展為古威爾斯語、坎伯蘭語、康瓦爾語及布列塔尼語 |
| 語系 | |
| 語言代碼 | |
| ISO 639-3 | 無 |
| 語言學家列表 | 1bd |
| 語言瞭望站 | 50-AB |
古布立吞語（英語：Old Brittonic），又稱普通布立吞語（Common Brittonic或Common Brythonic或British）為曾經通行於大不列顛島的一種古老P-凱爾特語。亦稱為不列顛人(Britons (Celtic people))的凱爾特人所使用的語言，在公元6世紀時它分裂成不同的布立吞亞支各式語言：威爾斯語、坎伯蘭語、康瓦爾語，及布列塔尼語等語言。它被歸類為P-凱爾特語及海島凱爾特語支。
古布立吞語為海島凱爾特語之一種，它源自原始凱爾特語，一個假設性的源頭語言，在公元前第一個千禧年的上半年就已經分散為不同的方言或語支。[1][2][3][4] 有一些證據表明，皮克特語可能和"古布立吞語"有密切的關連，也可能是第五個語支。[5][6][7]
參見
[編輯]註釋
[編輯]- ^ Henderson, Jon C. The Atlantic Iron Age: Settlement and Identity in the First Millennium BC. Routledge. 2007: 292–295.
- ^ Sims-Williams, Patrick. Studies on Celtic Languages before the Year 1000. CMCS. 2007: 1.
- ^ Koch, John. Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. 2006: 1455.
- ^ Eska, Joseph. Continental Celtic. Roger Woodard (編). The Ancient Languages of Europe. Cambridge. 2008.
- ^ Forsyth, Katherine. John Koch , 編. Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. 2006: 1444, 1447.
- ^ Forsyth, Katherine, Language in Pictland : the case against "non-Indo-European Pictish" (Utrecht: de Keltische Draak, 1997), 27.
- ^ Jackson, Kenneth. The Pictish Language. F. T. Wainwright (編). The Problem of the Picts. Edinburgh: Nelson. 1955: 129–166.
參考文獻
[編輯]- Atkinson and Gray[需要解釋] (2005) "Are Accurate Dates an Intractable Problem for Historical Linguistics?". In: Mapping Our Ancestors （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）, Collard, Mark, et al., eds. Transaction Books
- Filppula, M., Klemola, J. and Pitkänen, H. (2001). The Celtic Roots of English, (Studies in languages, No. 37), University of Joensuu, Faculty of Humanities, ISBN 978-952-458-164-6.
- Forsyth, K. (1997) Language in Pictland.
- Jackson, K. (1953) Language and History in Early Britain.
- Jackson, K. (1955) "The Pictish Language" in F. T. Wainwright The Problem of the Picts. London: Nelson.
- Koch, J. (1986) «New Thought on Albion, Ieni and the "Pretanic Isles"» in: Proceedings of the Harvard Celtic Colloquium; 6, 1–28 (1986).
- Lambert, P.-Y. (ed.), Recueil des inscriptions gauloises II.2. Textes gallo-latins sur instrumentum, Paris: CNRS Editions, 2002, p. 304-306.
- Lambert, Pierre-Yves (2003). La langue gauloise. 2nd edition. Paris, Editions Errance. p. 176
- Lockwood, W. B. (1975) Languages of the British Isles Past and Present, London: Deutsch ISBN 978-0-233-96666-3
- Ostler, Nicholas (2005) Empires of the Word. London: HarperCollins ISBN 978-0-00-711870-0.
- Price, G. (2000). Languages of Britain and Ireland, Blackwell. ISBN 978-0-631-21581-3
- Rivet, A. and Smith, C. (1979) The Place-Names of Roman Britain
- Sims-Williams, Patrick (2003) The Celtic Inscriptions of Britain: phonology and chronology, c.400–1200. Oxford, Blackwell. ISBN 978-1-4051-0903-1
- Trudgill, P. (ed.) (1984) Language in the British Isles, Cambridge University Press.
外部連結
[編輯]- Celtic Personal Names of Roman Britain （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
- Roman road stations of the Cannock-Chase area
- Alex Mullen (2007) （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）, "Evidence for Written Celtic from Roman Britain: A Linguistic Analysis of Tabellae Sulis 14 and 18", Studia Celtica